Sea turtles have survived for millions of years, evolving many strategies for dealing with all forms of natural threats. They were so successful that early explorers reported on seas that teemed with sea turtles as far as the eye could see. Today this situation has radically changed. Sea turtles have become so rare that a sighting is a cause of great excitement for those lucky enough to see them.

Simply put, there are 2 types of threats to sea turtles: natural and human.

Sea turtles have been swimming in the world’s oceans for over 120 million years. During that time they encountered many natural threats. Individual turtles still faced many dangers, but as a population they were incredibly successful.

Human impacts are the sole cause of all sea turtle species being listed as vulnerable, endangered or critically endangered. Take a look at the main threats:

	Climate Change Although the full impact of climate change on sea turtle populations is difficult to measure, the effects of rising sea levels, growing storm activity and increased temperatures are grave.		Unsustainable Hunting Indigenous coastal communities have long hunted sea turtles for their meat, shells and eggs.
	Habitat Change Sea turtle nesting beaches and foraging grounds are critical to their survival.		Poor Water Quality Water pollution from coastal development, industrial waste and agriculture has already created a negative impact on sea turtles and their habitat.
	Boat Strikes With the rise of coastal communities and the popularity of boating, boat strikes have become a common cause of injury and death among sea turtles.		Feral Animal Predation Nest attacks by feral animals are a serious threat in Australia, with pigs, foxes and dogs digging up nests to eat turtle eggs.
	Marine Debris Marine debris refers to any piece of rubbish thrown, blown or dumped into the ocean.		Fishing Activities Discarded fishing gear, unattended nets and crab pots, and commercial fishing practices can entangle and drown turtles.
	Tourist Souvenirs Turtles are highly prized for jewelry and souvenirs, leading to some species being hunted just for their shells.

Despite many populations of sea turtles facing an uncertain future, there is still time to act. Sea Turtle Foundation is at the forefront in the battle to halt the decline in sea turtle numbers. Some of the solutions require international government co-operation but some solutions are simple and easy. Click on the link to see some of the solutions that you can do to make a difference.